Description

Jerusalem artichokes.  I started grow this by an incidence. I bought a few of Jerusalem Artichokes from a supermarket and forgot to eat. After day or week, it looked awfully shrunk. So I put them in a garden patch. Surprisingly, the small sunflower looking flowers at the top in later Summer are so pretty.  The edible portion of the plant is a tuber that grows beneath the soil. In late Autumn I dag out a few and ate them as nice salad, just simply washed up and cut into slides with a few drops of vinegar, soy sauce and olive oil. I left the rest in garden and they keep growing years by year, with beautiful flowers.

Nutritional Information

Jerusalem Artichokes (also called Sunchokes) area  carbohydrate rich tuber, much like a potato, but Sunchokes store their energy primarily as inulin which is a fiber composed primarily of fructose.  It makes this crop a good source of fiber and quite appropriate for diabetics and as a healthy source of carbohydrates.  The only problem is that with the high fiber content, the food is also sometimes referred to as ‘fartichokes’.

How to Grow it

This plant is extremely easy to grow in most climates. I dag a few tubers and gave to friends to grow. Next year, he told me that Artichokes grow very easy and fast. the only problem is that his garden is not big enough, this plant became a ‘weed’ problem. he has to control the growth.

It;s similar to potatoes, you can take 1-2 oz piece of a tuber and plant it in the dirt.  It will grow.  In fact, it is a bit difficult to get all of the tubers when harvesting.  So once you plant Jerusalem Artichokes in your garden, it is best to keep them in that spot… forever.  On the bright side, they don’t really spread (unless you are tilling the area where they used to grow and spread the tubers around or if you let the rhizomes spread by not harvesting them every year), they are just hard to get rid of once you start growing them in an area.

The stalks of the plants can also be used as a low quality animal feed, and some of the large straight stalks can be dried and used as light weight stakes.  As a good source of human food and an OK source of animal food that is resistant to disease and pests, the Jerusalem Artichoke can be a nice addition to a garden.

Connection Type: IPSEC
Hostname: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
Groupname: TheLocalGroup
Group Secret: SecrectPass
Use your username and password when prompted.

sudo apt-get install network-manager-vpnc

then configure vpn at NetworkManager (NM) is straight forward. It works well.

right click NM icon -> VPN connections -> Configure VPN -> click VPN tab

add -> choose Cisco Compatitable VPN (vpnc) -> click VPN tab, fill in related info (hostname as gateway)

click IpV4 settings Tab, -> Routes -> check “Use this connection only for ….” -> click OK.

Here you are ready, restart NM and get VPN connected !!

Simple steps:

add following lines in your ~/.muttrc

set sort=threads
#set sort=reverse-date
set auto_tag=yes
set duplicate_threads = yes

set move = yes
macro index M “T.*\n;WN” “Mark all messages as read”

start mutt, all duplicate messages will be marked as ~=

type T to tag message match ~=, then type d to delete. that’s simple nice way!!

Evolutiom
highlight emails, right click the mouse,select Remove duplicate messages.

it’s amazing and simple.

ps -aux > x

check file x to find origin folder of each pid (eg 32502) , then kill it

kill -9 32502

or

you may stop one suspected process and examine the output status to ascertain the right pid

The batterystats.bin can be deleted directly from /system/data/batterystats.bin. But there is an excellent lightweight app “Battery Calibration” to do this for you.

• Download Battery Calibration from  the Android Market.
• power up your phone, connect to charger or USB to a computer (for charging)
• open Battery Calibration and wait until the voltage meter hits 4200 mv,
• hit the calibrate button (deletes batterystats.bin)
• unplug the phone and allow it to fully drain then charge the phone back to 100%.

Syntax: cut [OPTION]… [FILE]…

Description: Prints selected parts of lines (of a text file), or, in other words, removes certain sections of a line. You may wish to remove things according to tabs or commas, or anything else you can think of…

cut is nice linux commend, it can extract a certain part from each line of a file.

Consider a slight variation on the foo.txt file we’ve been playing with in this section:

If you want to print just columns 1 to 6 of each line (the employee serial numbers), use the -c1-6 flag, as in this command:

406378:Sales:Itorre:Jan
031762:Marketing:Nasium:Jim
636496:Research:Ancholie:Mel
396082:Sales:Jucacion:Ed

If you want to print just columns 1 to 6 of each line (the employee serial numbers), use the -c1-6 flag, as in this command:

cut -c1-6 foo.txt
406378
031762
636496
396082

If you want to print just columns 4 and 8 of each line (the first letter of the department and the fourth digit of the serial number), use the -c4,8 flag, as in this command:

cut -c4,8 foo.txt
3S
7M
4R
0S

And since this file obviously has fields delimited by colons, we can pick out just the last names by specifying the -d: and -f3 flags, like this:

cut -d: -f3 foo.txt
Itorre
Nasium
Ancholie
Jucacion

It’s often the case that you want to use a space as the delimiter. To do so, you must put the delimiter in single quotes, like this: -d’ ‘

Also, when you want to cut from a starting point to the end of the line, just leave off the final field number, as shown in the example below.

Let’s say this is your test.txt file:
abc def ghi jkl
mno pqr stu vwx
yz1 234 567 890

To get columns from 2 to end  and put in to file out.txt  cut -d’ ‘ -f2- test.txt > out.txt

And the results are:
def ghi jkl
pqr stu vwx
234 567 890

Here is a summary of the most common flags for the cut command:

-c [n | n,m | n-m] Specify a single column, multiple columns (separated by a comma), or range of columns (separated by a dash).
-f [n | n,m | n-m] Specify a single field, multiple fields (separated by a comma), or range of fields (separated by a dash).
-dc Specify the field delimiter.
-s Suppress (don’t print) lines not containing the delimiter.

cut -c1-6 company.data
406378
031762
636496
396082

If you want to print just columns 4 and 8 of each line (the first letter of the department and the fourth digit of the serial number), use the -c4,8 flag, as in this command:

cut -c4,8 company.data
3S
7M
4R
0S

And since this file obviously has fields delimited by colons, we can pick out just the last names by specifying the -d: and -f3 flags, like this:

cut -d: -f3 company.data
Itorre
Nasium
Ancholie
Jucacion

It’s often the case that you want to use a space as the delimiter. To do so, you must put the delimiter in single quotes, like this: -d’ ‘

Also, when you want to cut from a starting point to the end of the line, just leave off the final field number, as shown in the example below.

Let’s say this is your test.txt file:
abc def ghi jkl
mno pqr stu vwx
yz1 234 567 890

To cut only columns 2-END, do this: cut -d’ ‘ -f2- test.txt

And the results are:
def ghi jkl
pqr stu vwx
234 567 890

Here is a summary of the most common flags for the cut command:

-c [n | n,m | n-m] Specify a single column, multiple columns (separated by a comma), or range of columns (separated by a dash).
-f [n | n,m | n-m] Specify a single field, multiple fields (separated by a comma), or range of fields (separated by a dash).
-dc Specify the field delimiter.
-s Suppress (don’t print) lines not containing the delimiter.

Swap space temporarily holds inactive memory pages. Swap space  is used when system needs physical memory for active processes or insufficient physical memory available.

If the system happens to need more memory resources or space, inactive pages in physical memory are then moved to the swap space therefore freeing up that physical memory for other uses. Note access to swap is slower and to physical memory.

A dedicated partition (recommended), a swap file, or a combination  can be defined as swap space. Some recommends twice of physical memory. Nowadays, physical memories in new computers are fairly large, my experience is, half of physical memory is sufficient.

Here to  show how to create a file system and assign it as as swap space (virtual swap partition).

First, create a 1000M swap file (eg with 2GB physical memory):

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap_file bs=1M count=1000

You may adjust the file size as your desire. You can also put the swap_file in a different location if desired.

Next, secure the swapspace access, so ordinary users cannot read the contents:

sudo chown root:root /swap_file
sudo chmod 600 /swap_file

Then, asign it into swap space, and turn it on:

sudo mkswap /swap_file
sudo swapon /swap_file

Finally,make it turn on at every bootup, open up /etc/fstab:

sudo vi  /etc/fstab

add this line to the end of the file:

/swap_file none swap sw 0 0

for eamples

tar cvpf Pics.tar Pictures/

gpg -c -o Pics.tar.gpg  Pics.tar

or in one line

tar cvp Pictures/ | gpg -c -o Pics.tar.gpg

password is asked twice

to un-tar or use files of the tar,

first decrypt this file

gpg –decrypt -o out.tar Pics.tar.gpg

password is asked

then uncompress/un-tar files

tar xvf out.tar

or in one line

gpg –decrypt Pics.tar.gpg | tar xvf  -

password is asked prior to further actions

Of course, there are more options  in gpg applications